Founded in 1993
  Year: 2006 | Volume: 14 | Issue: 3-4 | Pages: 122-125
  Review Article
  ROLE OF TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-?1 IN BREAST CARCINOGENESIS
Ivanovic V, Krtolica K, Krajnovic M, Dimitrijevic B.
  DOI: 10.2298/AOO0604122I
  Abstract:
  The main objective of this presentation is to review current knowledge regarding molecular mechanisms of Transforming Growth Factor-b1 (TGF-b1) action in breast carcinogenesis. In addition, our recent results will be presented on TGF-b1 gene polymorphism and its relationship to TGF-b1 secretion in breast cancer (BC) patients. Special focus will be made on potential clinical applicability of TGF-b1 as a putative diagnostic, prognostic or predictive tool in BC detection and treatment. TGF-b1 has a complex multifunctional profile, with tumour suppressive effects in early stages of breast carcinogenesis, but progressive dominance of tumour promoting effects with transition to more advanced malignant states. Clarification of molecular mechanisms that control parallel processing of these opposing TGF-b1 activities might suggest new approaches for shifting the balance in favour of net tumour suppression. Now, a major challenge remains in more precisely defining TGF-b1 signalling pathways and their cancer-related alterations. Current dogma views human tumorigenesis as a molecular disruption of normal physiology through genetic, epigenetic, or somatic alterations. The genetic model offers biological plausibility to epidemiological studies that link the TGF-b1 gene polymorphism, at codon 10 due to Leu10Pro substitution in the signal peptide, with the risk of developing BC. The somatic mutations approach, provides an explanation for the TGF-b1 overexpression in advanced BC through mutations acquired in the components of Smad-mediated TGF-b1 signalling pathway. The available results indicate decreased TsRII (TGF-b1 receptor-type II) expression, rare TsRII gene mutations, but no mutations in Smad2 and Smad4 genes, in advanced BC patients.
  Key words: Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; Breast Neoplasms; Tumor Markers, Biological; Prognosis
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Founder and owner: Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Serbia
Publisher: Oncology Institute of Vojvodina
Co-publisher: Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad
Online since 1997 (Abstracts only); 2000 (Abstracts and Full text)
ISSN: 0354-7310 eISSN: 1450-9520