| |
COLORECTAL
CANCER AT THE CLINIC OF ONCOLOGY IN NIŠ FOR THE PERIOD 1993-2002
Lukić
N1, Radić S2, Katić
V3.
1Department
for Cancer Prevention with Hospital Cancer Registry, Clinic of
Oncology, Clinical Center Niš, Serbia and Montenegro
2Clinic of oncology, Clinical Center Niš, Serbia and Montenegro,
3Institute of Pathology, Clinical center Niš, Serbia and
Montenegro
|
|
| |
ABSTRACT
Colon
and rectal cancers (CRC) account for 783.00 new cases (9.7% of the
world total) and cause 437.000 deaths (8.4% of the world total).
Unlike the situation with other cancer sites, incidence and mortality
ratio is not much different in males and females (ratio 1.05:1.00).
In terms of incidence, CRC ranks third in frequency in men (after
prostate and lung) and third in women (after breast and lung). It
is a slightly less prominent cause of mortality (fourth in both
sexes because of the relatively favorable prognosis) thanks to the
fact that survival is on average better then in case of other, less
common cancer sites. The incidence of CRC is higher in developed
countries then in developing countries. The highest incidences are
in Australia/New Zealand, North America, and northern and western
Europe. Moderately high incidences are seen in southern and eastern
Europe and temperate in South America. Incidence rates are low in
Africa and Asia, except Japan, which now has an incidence equivalent
to that in Europe. These geographic differences probably represent
the effects of different environmental exposures, presumably mainly
dietary. The risk of developing CRC generally increases with advancing
age. The major risk factors include heaving inflammatory bowel disease,
a family history of CRC or colorectal polyps, and certain hereditary
syndromes, a personal history of CRC or polyps or of ovarian, endometrial,
or breast cancers. Lack of regular physical activity can contribute
to increasing one's risk; low fruit and vegetable intake, a low-fiber
and high-fat diet, obesity, and alcohol consumption are other possible
risk factors. The aim of this paper is to establish the number of
the affected for this ten years period, to establish the most frequent
cancer site, histopathologic diagnosis, age distribution of the
disease and tumor burden in the registered cases. There were 15
337new cancer cases registered in the Hospital Cancer Registry of
the Clinic of Oncology, for the period 1993-2002. CRC participates
with 9.17% of all cancers cases. There were 2345 gastrointestinal
cancer cases, out of which 1407 (60%) were colorectal cancers. Colorectal
cancers most frequently arise in the rectosigmoid colon portion
(139 cases; 20%), then in the transversal part of the colon (127
cases; 18%), colon ascendens (126 cases; 18%), cecum (85 cases;
12%), sigmoid colon (53 cases; 7.6%), hepatic flexure (49 cases;
7%), lineal flexure (28 cases; 4%) and colon descendens (20 cases;
2.9%). The most common histopathologic diagnosis is adenocarcinoma
1076 (85%), Ca papillare 101 (8%), Ca mucinosum 64 (5%), Ca planocellulare
12 (1%), Ca lucidocellulare 6 (0.5%), and sarcoma 4 (0.3%). The
analysis of the period indicates a gradual increase of the number
of CRC (107 patients in 1994, and 241 cases in 2002). The disease
was predominant in male population (859/1407 male and 548/1407 female;
ratio, 1.57:1.00). Colorectal cancers make up 60% of all gastrointestinal
cancer. The most frequent is rectal cancers (706/1407; 50.2 %) These
tumors most commonly occur in rectum and sigmoid colon (139/701).
Colon descendens is rarely affected (20/701). Adenocarcinoma is
the most frequent histopathologic type (1076/1266). Malignant tumor
of this regions are localized in most cases (1167/1407). This cancer
is the most frequently in older population. The number of this cancer
increases after 50 years of age with the peak in the seventh decade
of life.Considering above data we suggest organizing of long-term
primary and secondary prevention in the purpose of decreasing mortality
and incidence rates due to CRC. |
-
|
| |
Keywords:
Colorectal cancer; Epidemiology, Hospital Cancer Registry, Niš
|
|
|
